See 知る on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "haji o shiru",
"ruby": [
[
"恥",
"はじ"
],
[
"知",
"し"
]
],
"word": "恥を知る"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "hajishirazu",
"ruby": [
[
"恥",
"はじ"
],
[
"知",
"し"
]
],
"word": "恥知らず"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-",
"sort": "しる"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "jpx-pro",
"3": "*siru",
"sort": "しる"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Japonic *siru",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *siru.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "知る transitive godan",
"ruby": [
[
"知",
"し"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "shiru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "知り",
"roman": "shiri",
"ruby": [
[
"知",
"し"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "知った",
"roman": "shitta",
"ruby": [
[
"知",
"し"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-verbconj-row",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "知ら",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "しら",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "shira",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "知り",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "しり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "shiri",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "知る",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "しる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "shiru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "知る",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive"
]
},
{
"form": "しる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive"
]
},
{
"form": "shiru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive"
]
},
{
"form": "知れ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "しれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "shire",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "知れ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "しれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "shire",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "知られる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "しられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "shirareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "知らせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "知らす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "しらせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "しらす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "shiraseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "shirasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "知れる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "しれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "shireru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "知ろう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "しろう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "shirō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "知らない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "しらない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "shiranai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "知らず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "しらず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "shirazu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "知ります",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "しります",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "shirimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "知った",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "しった",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "shitta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "知って",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "しって",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "shitte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "知れば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "しれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "shireba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-conj-bungo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "知ら",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "しら",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "sira",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "知り",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "しり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "siri",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "知る",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "しる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "siru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "知る",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "しる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "siru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "知れ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"realis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "しれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"realis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "sire",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"realis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "知れ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "しれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "sire",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "知らず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "しらず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "sirazu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "知れど",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive"
]
},
{
"form": "しれど",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive"
]
},
{
"form": "siredo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive"
]
},
{
"form": "知れば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "しれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "sireba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "知らば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "しらば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "siraba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "知りき",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "しりき",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "siriki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "知りけり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "しりけり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "sirikeri",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "知りつ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "しりつ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "siritu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "知りぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "しりぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "sirinu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "知れり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "知りたり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "しれり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "しりたり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "sireri",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "siritari",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "知らむ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "しらむ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "siramu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "archaic",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-conj-ex",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "知り [shiri]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "知る [shiru]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "知って [shitte]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "知らないで [shiranai de]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "知らなくて [shiranakute]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "知らない [shiranai]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "知ります [shirimasu]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "知りません [shirimasen]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "知った [shitta]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "知らなかった [shiranakatta]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "知りました [shirimashita]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "知りませんでした [shirimasen deshita]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "知られ [shirare]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "知られる [shirareru]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "知られない [shirarenai]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"negative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "知られます [shiraremasu]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "知られません [shiraremasen]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative",
"passive",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "知られた [shirareta]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "知られなかった [shirarenakatta]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "知られました [shiraremashita]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "知られませんでした [shiraremasen deshita]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"negative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "知らせ [shirase]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "知らせる [shiraseru]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "short form: 知らす [shirasu]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "知らせない [shirasenai]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "知らせます [shirasemasu]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "知らせません [shirasemasen]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"negative",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "知らせた [shiraseta]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "知らせなかった [shirasenakatta]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "知らせました [shirasemashita]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "知らせませんでした [shirasemasen deshita]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "知れ [shire]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "知れる [shireru]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "知れない [shirenai]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"negative",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "知れます [shiremasu]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"polite",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "知れません [shiremasen]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative",
"polite",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "知れた [shireta]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "知れなかった [shirenakatta]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative",
"past",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "知れました [shiremashita]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "知れませんでした [shiremasen deshita]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"negative",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "知れ [shire]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "知ってください [shitte kudasai]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "知らないでください [shiranai de kudasai]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "知りなさい [shirinasai]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "知るな [shiru na]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "知ろう [shirō]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "知りましょう [shirimashō]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "知れば [shireba]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "知らなければ [shiranakereba]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "colloquial: 知らなきゃ [shiranakya]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "知ったら [shittara]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "知らなかったら [shiranakattara]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "standard: 知らせられ [shiraserare]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "colloquial: 知らされ [shirasare]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "知らせられる [shiraserareru]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "知らされる [shirasareru]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "知らせられない [shiraserarenai]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "知らされない [shirasarenai]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "知らせられます [shiraseraremasu]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "知らされます [shirasaremasu]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "知らせられません [shiraseraremasen]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"negative",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "知らされません [shirasaremasen]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"negative",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "知らせられた [shiraserareta]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "知らされた [shirasareta]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "知らせられなかった [shiraserarenakatta]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "知らされなかった [shirasarenakatta]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "知らせられました [shiraseraremashita]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "知らされました [shirasaremashita]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "知らせられませんでした [shiraseraremasen deshita]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "知らされませんでした [shirasaremasen deshita]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "知りたい [shiritai]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"desiderative",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "知りたくない [shiritaku nai]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"desiderative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "For other desiderative forms",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"desiderative"
]
},
{
"form": "知っている [shitte iru]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"desiderative",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "contraction: 知ってる [shitteru]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"desiderative",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "知っていない [shitte inai]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"desiderative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "contraction: 知ってない [shittenai]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"desiderative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "知っています [shitte imasu]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"desiderative",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "知っていません [shitte imasen]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"desiderative",
"negative",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "知っていた [shitte ita]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"desiderative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "知っていなかった [shitte inakatta]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"desiderative",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "知っていました [shitte imashita]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"desiderative",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "知っていませんでした [shitte imasen deshita]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"desiderative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "archaic",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-conj-ex",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "知らぬ [shiranu]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "知らん [shiran]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "知らず [shirazu]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "知らず [shirazu]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "知ったり [shittari]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "識る",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"kanji"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "しる",
"tr": "trans",
"type": "1"
},
"expansion": "知(し)る • (shiru) transitive godan (stem 知(し)り (shiri), past 知(し)った (shitta))",
"name": "ja-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "し",
"2": "4-r"
},
"name": "ja-conj-bungo"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "し",
"2": "る"
},
"name": "ja-conj-ex"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "23 26 23 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese godan verbs ending with -ru",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 29 23 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 28 21 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
26,
38
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
10,
16
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
7,
11
]
],
"english": "Do you know Kim's telephone number?",
"roman": "Kimu-san no denwa bangō o shitte imasu ka.",
"ruby": [
[
"電",
"でん"
],
[
"話",
"わ"
],
[
"番",
"ばん"
],
[
"号",
"ごう"
],
[
"知",
"し"
]
],
"text": "キムさんの電話番号を知っていますか。",
"translation": "Do you know Kim's telephone number?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
21,
31
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
10,
15
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
13,
23
]
],
"english": "I'm sorry, I don't know (your) name.",
"roman": "Sumimasen, onamae wa shirimasen.",
"ruby": [
[
"名",
"な"
],
[
"前",
"まえ"
],
[
"知",
"し"
]
],
"text": "すみません、お名前は知りません。",
"translation": "I'm sorry, I don't know (your) name.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to know, be aware of"
],
"id": "en-知る-ja-verb-6BzTuVYL",
"links": [
[
"know",
"know"
],
[
"aware",
"aware"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "23 26 23 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese godan verbs ending with -ru",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 29 23 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 49 15 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms read with kun'yomi",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 28 21 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
38,
43
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
12,
14
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
3,
8
]
],
"english": "We learn history through historic materials.",
"ref": "1944 February 8, Ango Sakaguchi, 歴史と事実 [History and Facts]:",
"roman": "Wareware wa shiryō ni yotte rekishi o shiru.",
"ruby": [
[
"我",
"われ"
],
[
"々",
"われ"
],
[
"史",
"し"
],
[
"料",
"りょう"
],
[
"歴",
"れき"
],
[
"史",
"し"
],
[
"知",
"し"
]
],
"text": "我々は史料によって歴史を知る。",
"translation": "We learn history through historic materials.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to learn, acquire"
],
"id": "en-知る-ja-verb-fw3SwHB4",
"links": [
[
"learn",
"learn"
],
[
"acquire",
"acquire"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "23 26 23 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese godan verbs ending with -ru",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 29 23 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 28 21 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be acquainted with, to know (someone)"
],
"id": "en-知る-ja-verb-vZS-78Ts",
"links": [
[
"acquainted",
"acquainted"
],
[
"know",
"know"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese negative polarity items",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "9 10 9 73",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 20 17 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese godan verbs ending with -iru",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 26 23 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese godan verbs ending with -ru",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 29 23 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 16 13 57",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 15 11 63",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 28 21 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 10 5 80",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with Heiban pitch accent (Tōkyō)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 12 11 67",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 15 11 64",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 8 6 79",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 7 5 82",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
17,
23
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
7,
10
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
2,
20
]
],
"english": "I couldn't care less for sushi pizza.",
"roman": "Sushi piza nanka shiran.",
"ruby": [
[
"寿司",
"すし"
],
[
"知",
"し"
]
],
"text": "寿司ピザなんか知らん。",
"translation": "I couldn't care less for sushi pizza.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to care in the least about, to be concerned with"
],
"id": "en-知る-ja-verb-YPr7hT95",
"links": [
[
"care",
"care"
],
[
"concerned",
"concerned"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial, chiefly in the negative) to care in the least about, to be concerned with"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in the negative"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "しる"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɕiɾɯ̟]"
}
],
"word": "知る"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese godan verbs",
"Japanese godan verbs ending with -iru",
"Japanese godan verbs ending with -ru",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with manual fragments",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms derived from Proto-Japonic",
"Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms inherited from Proto-Japonic",
"Japanese terms read with kun'yomi",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 知 read as し",
"Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
"Japanese terms with Heiban pitch accent (Tōkyō)",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation with pitch accent",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese transitive verbs",
"Japanese verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "haji o shiru",
"ruby": [
[
"恥",
"はじ"
],
[
"知",
"し"
]
],
"word": "恥を知る"
},
{
"roman": "hajishirazu",
"ruby": [
[
"恥",
"はじ"
],
[
"知",
"し"
]
],
"word": "恥知らず"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-",
"sort": "しる"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "jpx-pro",
"3": "*siru",
"sort": "しる"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Japonic *siru",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *siru.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "知る transitive godan",
"ruby": [
[
"知",
"し"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "shiru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "知り",
"roman": "shiri",
"ruby": [
[
"知",
"し"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "知った",
"roman": "shitta",
"ruby": [
[
"知",
"し"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-verbconj-row",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "知ら",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "しら",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "shira",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "知り",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "しり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "shiri",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "知る",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "しる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "shiru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "知る",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive"
]
},
{
"form": "しる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive"
]
},
{
"form": "shiru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive"
]
},
{
"form": "知れ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "しれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "shire",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "知れ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "しれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "shire",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "知られる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "しられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "shirareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "知らせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "知らす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "しらせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "しらす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "shiraseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "shirasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "知れる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "しれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "shireru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "知ろう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "しろう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "shirō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "知らない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "しらない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "shiranai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "知らず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "しらず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "shirazu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "知ります",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "しります",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "shirimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "知った",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "しった",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "shitta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "知って",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "しって",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "shitte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "知れば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "しれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "shireba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-conj-bungo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "知ら",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "しら",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "sira",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "知り",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "しり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "siri",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "知る",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "しる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "siru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "知る",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "しる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "siru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "知れ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"realis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "しれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"realis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "sire",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"realis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "知れ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "しれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "sire",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "知らず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "しらず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "sirazu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "知れど",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive"
]
},
{
"form": "しれど",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive"
]
},
{
"form": "siredo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive"
]
},
{
"form": "知れば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "しれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "sireba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "知らば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "しらば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "siraba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "知りき",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "しりき",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "siriki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "知りけり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "しりけり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "sirikeri",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "知りつ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "しりつ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "siritu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "知りぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "しりぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "sirinu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "知れり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "知りたり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "しれり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "しりたり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "sireri",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "siritari",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "知らむ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "しらむ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "siramu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "archaic",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-conj-ex",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "知り [shiri]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "知る [shiru]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "知って [shitte]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "知らないで [shiranai de]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "知らなくて [shiranakute]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "知らない [shiranai]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "知ります [shirimasu]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "知りません [shirimasen]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "知った [shitta]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "知らなかった [shiranakatta]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "知りました [shirimashita]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "知りませんでした [shirimasen deshita]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "知られ [shirare]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "知られる [shirareru]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "知られない [shirarenai]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"negative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "知られます [shiraremasu]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "知られません [shiraremasen]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative",
"passive",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "知られた [shirareta]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "知られなかった [shirarenakatta]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "知られました [shiraremashita]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "知られませんでした [shiraremasen deshita]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"negative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "知らせ [shirase]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "知らせる [shiraseru]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "short form: 知らす [shirasu]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "知らせない [shirasenai]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "知らせます [shirasemasu]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "知らせません [shirasemasen]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"negative",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "知らせた [shiraseta]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "知らせなかった [shirasenakatta]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "知らせました [shirasemashita]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "知らせませんでした [shirasemasen deshita]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "知れ [shire]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "知れる [shireru]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "知れない [shirenai]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"negative",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "知れます [shiremasu]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"polite",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "知れません [shiremasen]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative",
"polite",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "知れた [shireta]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "知れなかった [shirenakatta]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative",
"past",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "知れました [shiremashita]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "知れませんでした [shiremasen deshita]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"negative",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "知れ [shire]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "知ってください [shitte kudasai]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "知らないでください [shiranai de kudasai]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "知りなさい [shirinasai]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "知るな [shiru na]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "知ろう [shirō]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "知りましょう [shirimashō]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "知れば [shireba]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "知らなければ [shiranakereba]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "colloquial: 知らなきゃ [shiranakya]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "知ったら [shittara]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "知らなかったら [shiranakattara]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "standard: 知らせられ [shiraserare]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "colloquial: 知らされ [shirasare]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "知らせられる [shiraserareru]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "知らされる [shirasareru]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "知らせられない [shiraserarenai]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "知らされない [shirasarenai]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "知らせられます [shiraseraremasu]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "知らされます [shirasaremasu]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "知らせられません [shiraseraremasen]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"negative",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "知らされません [shirasaremasen]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"negative",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "知らせられた [shiraserareta]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "知らされた [shirasareta]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "知らせられなかった [shiraserarenakatta]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "知らされなかった [shirasarenakatta]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "知らせられました [shiraseraremashita]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "知らされました [shirasaremashita]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "知らせられませんでした [shiraseraremasen deshita]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "知らされませんでした [shirasaremasen deshita]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "知りたい [shiritai]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"desiderative",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "知りたくない [shiritaku nai]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"desiderative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "For other desiderative forms",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"desiderative"
]
},
{
"form": "知っている [shitte iru]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"desiderative",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "contraction: 知ってる [shitteru]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"desiderative",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "知っていない [shitte inai]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"desiderative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "contraction: 知ってない [shittenai]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"desiderative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "知っています [shitte imasu]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"desiderative",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "知っていません [shitte imasen]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"desiderative",
"negative",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "知っていた [shitte ita]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"desiderative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "知っていなかった [shitte inakatta]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"desiderative",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "知っていました [shitte imashita]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"desiderative",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "知っていませんでした [shitte imasen deshita]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"desiderative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "archaic",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-conj-ex",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "知らぬ [shiranu]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "知らん [shiran]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "知らず [shirazu]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "知らず [shirazu]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "知ったり [shittari]",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "識る",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"kanji"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "しる",
"tr": "trans",
"type": "1"
},
"expansion": "知(し)る • (shiru) transitive godan (stem 知(し)り (shiri), past 知(し)った (shitta))",
"name": "ja-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "し",
"2": "4-r"
},
"name": "ja-conj-bungo"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "し",
"2": "る"
},
"name": "ja-conj-ex"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
26,
38
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
10,
16
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
7,
11
]
],
"english": "Do you know Kim's telephone number?",
"roman": "Kimu-san no denwa bangō o shitte imasu ka.",
"ruby": [
[
"電",
"でん"
],
[
"話",
"わ"
],
[
"番",
"ばん"
],
[
"号",
"ごう"
],
[
"知",
"し"
]
],
"text": "キムさんの電話番号を知っていますか。",
"translation": "Do you know Kim's telephone number?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
21,
31
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
10,
15
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
13,
23
]
],
"english": "I'm sorry, I don't know (your) name.",
"roman": "Sumimasen, onamae wa shirimasen.",
"ruby": [
[
"名",
"な"
],
[
"前",
"まえ"
],
[
"知",
"し"
]
],
"text": "すみません、お名前は知りません。",
"translation": "I'm sorry, I don't know (your) name.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to know, be aware of"
],
"links": [
[
"know",
"know"
],
[
"aware",
"aware"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
38,
43
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
12,
14
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
3,
8
]
],
"english": "We learn history through historic materials.",
"ref": "1944 February 8, Ango Sakaguchi, 歴史と事実 [History and Facts]:",
"roman": "Wareware wa shiryō ni yotte rekishi o shiru.",
"ruby": [
[
"我",
"われ"
],
[
"々",
"われ"
],
[
"史",
"し"
],
[
"料",
"りょう"
],
[
"歴",
"れき"
],
[
"史",
"し"
],
[
"知",
"し"
]
],
"text": "我々は史料によって歴史を知る。",
"translation": "We learn history through historic materials.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to learn, acquire"
],
"links": [
[
"learn",
"learn"
],
[
"acquire",
"acquire"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to be acquainted with, to know (someone)"
],
"links": [
[
"acquainted",
"acquainted"
],
[
"know",
"know"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese colloquialisms",
"Japanese negative polarity items",
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
17,
23
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
7,
10
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
2,
20
]
],
"english": "I couldn't care less for sushi pizza.",
"roman": "Sushi piza nanka shiran.",
"ruby": [
[
"寿司",
"すし"
],
[
"知",
"し"
]
],
"text": "寿司ピザなんか知らん。",
"translation": "I couldn't care less for sushi pizza.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to care in the least about, to be concerned with"
],
"links": [
[
"care",
"care"
],
[
"concerned",
"concerned"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial, chiefly in the negative) to care in the least about, to be concerned with"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in the negative"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "しる"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɕiɾɯ̟]"
}
],
"word": "知る"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 知る meaning in All languages combined (23.2kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Ren’yōkei (\"continuative form\")'",
"path": [
"知る"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "知る",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Rentaikei (\"attributive form\")'",
"path": [
"知る"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "知る",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: 知る/Japanese 'Plain' base_tags={'conjunctive', 'archaic'}",
"path": [
"知る"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "知る",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: 知る/Japanese 'Plain' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'polite', 'archaic'}",
"path": [
"知る"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "知る",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Verb stem'",
"path": [
"知る"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "知る",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: 知る/Japanese 'Plain' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'archaic', 'passive'}",
"path": [
"知る"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "知る",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Polite past'",
"path": [
"知る"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "知る",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Verb stem'",
"path": [
"知る"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "知る",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: 知る/Japanese 'Plain' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'archaic', 'causative'}",
"path": [
"知る"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "知る",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Polite past'",
"path": [
"知る"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "知る",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Verb stem'",
"path": [
"知る"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "知る",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: 知る/Japanese 'Plain' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'potential', 'archaic'}",
"path": [
"知る"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "知る",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Polite past'",
"path": [
"知る"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "知る",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Meireikei / Firm instruction'",
"path": [
"知る"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "知る",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Polite request'",
"path": [
"知る"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "知る",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: '-nasai form'",
"path": [
"知る"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "知る",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Prohibitive / Do not ~'",
"path": [
"知る"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "知る",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: 知る/Japanese 'Plain' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'imperative', 'archaic'}",
"path": [
"知る"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "知る",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Hypothetical / Provisional'",
"path": [
"知る"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "知る",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: '-tara form'",
"path": [
"知る"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "知る",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Verb stem'",
"path": [
"知る"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "知る",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: 知る/Japanese 'Plain' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'archaic', 'conditional'}",
"path": [
"知る"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "知る",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Polite past'",
"path": [
"知る"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "知る",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: 知る/Japanese 'Plain' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'desiderative', 'archaic'}",
"path": [
"知る"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "知る",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: 知る/Japanese 'Plain' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'desiderative', 'archaic'}",
"path": [
"知る"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "知る",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Polite past'",
"path": [
"知る"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "知る",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Archaic or classical negative'",
"path": [
"知る"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "知る",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Archaic attributive negative'",
"path": [
"知る"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "知る",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Colloquial or dialectal -ん negative'",
"path": [
"知る"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "知る",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: '(〜に): without ~ing'",
"path": [
"知る"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "知る",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Representative / Listing examples'",
"path": [
"知る"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "知る",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-01-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-01-01 using wiktextract (d1270d2 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.